Burkina Faso Travel Warning

The Department of State warns U.S. citizens of the risks of travel to Burkina Faso, and recommends they avoid travel to the northern part of the Sahel region, and exercise caution in the rest of Burkina Faso, due to continuing threats to safety and security, including terrorism. The ability of the U.S. Embassy to provide consular services in remote and rural areas of the country is limited. This Travel Warning replaces the Travel Warning issued on January 20, 2016.The security environment in Burkina Faso is fluid and attacks are possible anywhere in the country, including Ouagadougou. ISIS, al-Qaeda in the Lands of the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM), and al-Murabitun terrorist organizations and affiliates have declared their intention to attack foreign targets in North and West Africa. In January 2016, armed assailants attacked civilians at the Splendid Hotel and Cappuccino restaurant in Ouagadougou, killing 30 people, including one U.S. citizen. AQIM and al-Murabitun claimed responsibility for the attack. Violent extremist groups increased their activities in Burkina Faso’s Sahel region in 2016 and 2017, attacking police stations, customs offices, military posts, and schools in Koutougou, Intangom, Markoye, Tinakoff, Nassoumbou, Kourfayel, and Baraboule.In the border regions shared by Mali, Niger, and Burkina Faso, extremist groups and linked criminal networks have targeted Westerners for kidnapping. These northern regions are extremely remote, and the ability of the governments of either Burkina Faso or the United States to provide emergency assistance there is very limited.Due to the risk of attacks throughout the Sahel region, the U.S. Embassy has placed restrictions on official government travel to Dori and Djibo, the road that connects these cities, and all areas north of that road. Embassy personnel traveling to or staying at Parc National du W (Parc W), the regional national park located on Burkina Faso’s southeastern border with Niger and Benin, must arrange armed escort with Burkina Faso security forces. U.S. citizens are encouraged to follow the same guidance.

Source: Burkina Faso Travel Warning, June 7, 2017 – mkevane@scu.edu – Santa Clara University Mail

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Oil discoveries did not change female labor force participation in southwest U.S.

Am teaching the paper by Michael Ross on oil, Islam and women.  Here is a nice paper by Stephan Maurer and Andrei Victor Potlogea that addresses the question with far better data and methods.

Fueling the Gender Gap? Oil and Women’s Labor and Marriage Market Outcomes
CEP Discussion Paper No 1280
25 Jul 2014

Abstract
This paper analyzes the effect of resource-based economic specialization on women’s labor market outcomes. Using information on the location and discovery of major oil fields in the Southern United States coupled with a county-level panel derived from US Census data for 1900-1940, we specifically test the hypothesis that the presence of mineral resources can induce changes in the sectoral composition of the local economy that are detrimental to women’s labor market outcomes. We find evidence that the discovery of oil at the county level may constitute a substantial male biased demand shock to local labor markets, as it is associated with a higher gender pay gap. However, we find no evidence that oil wealth lowers female labor force participation or has any impact on local marriage and fertility patterns. While our results are consistent with oil shocks limiting female labor market opportunities in some sectors (mainly manufacturing), this effect tends to be compensated by the higher availability of service sector jobs for women who are therefore not driven out of the labor market.

A recent paper that takes issue with Ross is “Islamic Culture, Oil, and Women’s Rights Revisited” by Lasse Lykke Rørbæk in Politics and Religion, 2016.

According to recent research, oil abundance is the principal explanation for women’s poor human rights record in many Muslim societies. However, this study argues that resistance to gender equality in the Muslim world originates in its specific historical trajectory and that the critical juncture precedes the extraction of oil by a thousand years. The study assesses data on women’s economic, social, and political rights in 166 countries from 1999–2008 and shows that whereas the negative effect of oil is driven by the 11 members of the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries, Muslim countries consistently underperform even when oil and gas rents and other relevant factors such as income and democracy are accounted for. The study concludes that persisting orthodox tendencies in Islamic culture provide the best explanation for Muslim women’s limited empowerment.

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New photos books for Burkina Faso libraries published in fastpencil

I am so proud of our team in Burkina Faso, especially Sanou Dounko, Guy Roland Hema and Alidou Boué, who have been creating photo books for printing and distribution to the Burkina Faso libraries.  Interns Beth Borowsky and Maria Haddad have also been a big help, and also FAVL board members Deb Garvey and Helène LaFrance.  Ten new books have already been published, and another 10 are in various stages of editing and should be printed by the end of June.  You can buy copies, too, at fastpencil.com.  But even better, send us a donation for $100 so we can buy 15 more copies to send to the libraries!

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Body language of DCE sacked over galamsey and death Cpt Mahama

The District Chief Executive for Upper Denkyira West District in the Central, Daniel Appianing was sacked last week (by President Nana Akufo-Addo directly, apparently!) for suggesting that Captain Mahama- found murdered in a brutal way was responsible for protecting Chinese galamsey (illegal gold mining) operations, rather than shutting them down. His body language in this television interview is so different from a typical American’s- big expansive gestures, a half smile, leaning forward and then throwing himself back into his chair. I have a hard time reading his body language. Is he cocky and confident? Is he deathly afraid for his life as he realizes the consequences of his statements?  Anyone offer some help?

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Michael Nyman – Water Dances – II. Stroking

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Trash talking by COFINA bond coalition, in Puerto Rico debt restructuring

The COFINA Seniors Coalition, which collectively holds approximately 32% of the senior bonds issued by the Puerto Rico Sales Tax Financing Corporation (“COFINA”), provides the below comments concerning the implications of the decision to grant Bank of New York Mellon’s (“BNY Mellon” or “the Trustee”) interpleader request. Susheel Kirpalani of Quinn Emanuel Urquhart & Sullivan had the following statement: “The decision to grant BNY Mellon’s request for interpleader is a favorable outcome for COFINA senior bondholders. Although AAFAF, litigious general obligation bondholders and institutional COFINA subordinate bondholders may suggest otherwise, the reality is they have no legitimate claims to any of the funds held by the Trustee prior to payment in full to senior bondholders. The legal process that is commencing provides a much-needed forum for our group to counter other actors’ baseless arguments and thoroughly establish COFINA senior bondholders’ legal rights to the current and future funds in question. To be clear, the Court stated that the COFINA funds are to be held in trust while it determines which parties are entitled to them. Our arguments will demonstrate multiple Events of Default and the priority of payments to senior bondholders, including countless on-island retail investors and retirees dependent on their holdings. We have every intention of prevailing in court and exposing all competing interests that may have impacted the Trustee’s actions to date. To be clear, COFINA senior bondholders’ contractual and structural priority over subordinate bondholders is indisputable.”

Source: COFINA Seniors Coalition Sets the Record Straight on Implications of Recent Interpleader Ruling

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A few more sci-fi short stories and novellas – Reed, Egan, Le Guin, Chiang, MacLeod

I checked out Gardner Dozois “The Year’s Best Science Fiction” (16th annual, including stories published in 1998).  A smattering of really good reads, but this was one of the first volumes in this series where I was disappointed.  Among the better ones (i.e., authors to follow up with by reading some of their novels).

Ian MacLeod, “The Summer Isles,” Super good alt-history, England under the fascists, and being an aging gay man who knows a secret.  Excellent writing.  Not sci-fi though, just in case you think it is.

Robert Reed, “Cuckoo’s Boys,” An entirely original take on what genetic engineering of humans might mean.  The New Yorker just published an unoriginal and boring story by T.C. Boyle on this theme.  Treisman, get a clue!  Got out and commission Reed to write a dozen stories for The New Yorker.

Greg Egan, “Oceanic,” Wonderful gender-bending, world-building coming of age story.  But the plot fizzles out about 2/3 through.  Maybe it became part of a novel where more was at stake.

Ursula K. Le Guin, “The Island of the Immortals,” Not her best, but an engaging story, and the “tour guide” at the end is captured brilliantly.

Cory Doctorow, “Craphound,” A throwaway profile of me if I were an alien.

Ted Chiang, “Story of Your Life,” A reminder of how good reading can be compared with a movie.

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Nowhere to Run: Nigeria’s Climate and Environmental Crisis

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U.S. judge freezes Puerto Rico debt payments

A federal judge on Tuesday ordered the trustee for Puerto Ricos COFINA bonds not to make a $16 million payment due on June 1, allowing creditors to litigate competing claims to the money that could be central to how the bankrupt U.S. territory restructures debt. Judge Laura Taylor Swain made the ruling during a hearing in her Manhattan courtroom, putting a freeze on the payments while stakeholders hash out central disputes over who is to be paid first and from which revenue sources. Puerto Rico, with $70 billion in bond debt and another $49 billion in pension liabilities, is embarking on the biggest financial restructuring in U.S. municipal history. Sorting out obligations of the COFINA sales tax authority, which owes some $17 billion, is arguably the biggest task in the restructuring. Swain’s ruling granted a request by the COFINA trustee, Bank of New York Mellon, for “interpleader,” a move authorizing the bank to hold onto the interest payment due on Thursday without fear of liability, while claims over the money are resolved. Judge Swain did not rule on the underlying claims, a process that could take months, but said “their existence makes it clear that interpleader is warranted.” Senior creditors of COFINA argue the authority has already defaulted, through the Puerto Rican government’s indications that it plans to cut debt repayments. They say junior COFINA creditors should therefore stop being paid, to ensure payment for seniors. Meanwhile, holders of Puerto Rico’s $18 billion in general obligation (GO) debt argue that COFINA’s assets belong to them, under a constitutional guarantee giving them first claim on all the island’s resources.

Source: UPDATE 2-U.S. judge freezes a Puerto Rico debt payment subject to competing claims

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Ghana’s ‘galamsey soldiers’ scandal?

The Minister of Lands and Natural Resources, Mr John Peter Amewu, had challenged the leadership of the Ghana Armed Forces (GAF) to come clean on the activities of some soldiers who have been providing security at illegal mining sites. The minister threw the challenge when he found two soldiers providing security at a mining site at Tontokrom during the final lap of his four-day visit to the region last Monday. When he asked the soldiers, who were in full military uniforms and were holding MG16 rifles, how they got to the site, they mentioned the name of a senior military officer as the one who had assigned them to the area. Following that, the Minister of Defence, Mr Dominic Nitiwul ordered the Chief of the Defence Staff to immediately launch investigations into the reports.

Source: Ghana news: Tontokrom ‘galamsey soldiers’ were on sanctioned operation – Nitiwul – Graphic Online

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All about the human condition: Recent stories in The New Yorker

Deborah Treisman (the fiction editor at The New Yorker) basically only seems to want to publish stories about the small, emotion-laden, identity crises of people whose choices involve their feelings.  Should I feel good about that person, or bad about that person?  And mostly the person is “myself.”  Very little action happens in these stories.  Nothing  supernatural is threatening the earth, no animals or rising tides are about to kill your loved ones, no acts of violence (except emotional or metaphorical) are looming, no discoveries are being made, no profound intellectual challenges are framed in new light.  I guess that is no small complaint, mine.  But still I enjoy the writing craftsmanship on display week after week.

“Fly Already” by Etgar Keret. Carefully constructed to hit a small (ice cream cone size) but profound emotional tone at the end. Nicely done.  Comic suicide.

“Solstice” by Anne Enright. Carefully constructed to hit a profound emotional tone (ipad size) at the end. Nicely done.  Domestic distress ends in snuggling.

“Small Flame” by Yiyun Li. Carefully constructed to hit a profound emotional tone (rocking horse size) at the end. Nicely done. Is anything ever as meaningful as the emotions of youth?

“Prairie Wife” by Curtis Sittenfeld. Carefully constructed to hit a profound emotional tone (for realsies) at the end. Nicely done.  American sense of distress ends in snuggling.

“Deaf and Blind” by Lara Vapnyar.  Carefully constructed to hit a profound emotional tone at the end. Nicely done. Love is all you need.

“You Are Happy?” by Akhil Sharma. Certainly more life-and-death than most of the stories, almost like a case-study of how ennui gets globalized.

“A Love Story” by Samantha Hunt. The ultimate in nothing happening but boy is it an uncannily accurate profile of middle-class privileged (by global standards) Americans in 2017. The bag of baby carrots a recognizable (cheap?) detail.

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Russ Roberts realizes he didn’t make the cut for “Team Development”

I found this exchange between Lant Pritchett and Russ Roberts priceless.  I was on a long run, and nearly keeled over laughing.  I checked my jersey, to see what my number was on Team Development.  Yup, 4657.  But then I realized, maybe for Pritchett I am on the opposing side?  Yikes!  I love the transcriber’s note, too.   And that Pritchett managed to use the words enormously, absolutely, and massively in 30 seconds of conversation.  Awesomely!  And two ands in one sentence, extra points for me.

Lant Pritchett: Education has gone from 2 years on average in developing countries to 7 years on average in developing countries. Infant mortality has plummeted in nearly every country in the world. Economic growth has chugged along at 2%–so people worry it hasn’t been a converging rate of growth–chugged along on average in the world at 2%. Which means the world is enormously richer than it was 60 years ago. Many countries, in various ways, have not just had average growth of 2% but have managed long, sustained episodes. Absolute poverty has absolutely plummeted during this period. Everyone–team development [?] won. Team[? teen?] development is the most successful team in improving human wellbeing in the history of many by a factor multiple.

Russ Roberts: What is?

Lant Pritchett: Team development. Think of team development.

Russ Roberts: What is that? What do you mean by that?

Lant Pritchett: Team development is we have this group of–we have a mentality that we are going to self-consciously promote development and that’s going to involve some development organization; it’s going to involve some research into development economics; it’s going to involve some research into things; it’s going to involve a global order that’s open to trade; it’s going to involve a whole bunch of things. Right? But the point is: The world is massively more on every single conceivable measure of human wellbeing, night and day better off than it was before people self-consciously said, ‘Let’s promote development.’

BTW “a factor multiple” seems to be a Pritchett neologism.  A Google search suggests nobody else has really used it this way.  The native English speaker in me doesn’t like it, even though I get it.  And I really do have to take issue with his contention.  Seems to me that “Team Civil Engineer,” “Team Public Health,” and “Team Public Education” have been more successful.  Heck, in the United States, “Team Public Library” was pretty darn massively successful, too.

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Reading in PDF files into R to do text analysis

Turns out Clay Ford at the University of Virginia wrote a nice tutorial for this, and a package does the trick very nicely.  I tested the “update” at the bottom of the post which shows how to use the pdftools package.   There is also a tutorial by Ingo Feinerer for using the tm (text mining) package.

 

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For people who teach de Mel, McKenzie and Woodruff (returns to women micro-entrepreneurs =0!)… a possible important new complication

In a 2009 paper, David McKenzie and coauthors Chris Woodruff and Suresh de Mel find that giving cash grants to male entrepreneurs in Sri Lanka has a positive and significant return, while giving the same to women did not. David followed this up with work with coauthors in Ghana that compared in-kind and cash grants for women and men. Again, better returns for men (with in-kind working for some women). Taken together, these paper (with different, thoughtful explanations in each) could lead you to question the impacts of simply giving capital to female entrepreneurs. A thought provoking new paper from Arielle Bernhardt, Erica Field, Rohini Pande, and Natalia Rigol advance our thinking on this and also complicates things. Going back to the old-school idea that households might be trying to jointly maximize income, Bernhardt and co. argue that investment will be in the household enterprise with the higher returns. And this could be a male-owned enterprise. Bernhardt and co. look at this question using data that some of their authors have worked on (from a microfinance experiment in Kolkata), but also pulling in the data from the two experiments mentioned above that David was involved in. Their model of the household leads them to the question: what happens to male enterprises in a household when you give cash to the female?

Now, let’s move over to Sri Lanka and a cash grant for enterprises.   Here again the average effect is zero.   However, for women in households where they have the only enterprise profits increase by 30 percent (significant at 10 percent).   And for all households Bernhardt and co. find a significant increase in total household income of 8 percent (a footnote explains that their sole/multiple enterprise regression is underpowered – they find (insignificant) results of +5 percent for sole entrepreneur households and +8 percent for multiple entrepreneur households).

Source: Money for her or for him? Unpacking the impact of capital infusions for female enterprises | Impact Evaluations

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Ira Kukin passed away

Ira Kukin was a chemist, and was the benefactor of Henry Rosovsky’s dream, the Harvard Academy for International and Area Studies.  The couple times I met him as an Academy Scholar, he was engaged and curious.

Yeshiva University mourns the passing of Dr. Ira Kukin, a Benefactor of the University. The service that he and his wife, Doris z”l, provided to YU was all-embracing. He was elected to the Board of Trustees in 1981 and later served as its Vice Chairman. He served on the Boards of the Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wurzweiler School of Social Work, Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Stern College for Women and Yeshiva College in the oversight of Academics Affairs. He was also a founding member of the Board of Directors of the Sy Syms School of Business, which opened its doors on September 8, 1987. He also helped raise funds for it. He and Doris established the Dr. Ira and Doris Kukin Entrepreneurial Lecture Series at Sy Syms, the Frank J. Scardilli Lectureship at Cardozo and the Ira Kukin Chemistry Lecture series at the undergraduate schools as well as a chair in molecular biology at Stern College and the Ira and Doris Kukin Distinguished Visiting Professorship of Finance at the Sy Syms School of Business. In 1986, he was awarded an honorary Doctor of Humane Letters degree in recognition of his leadership. He had a long career as a research scientist turned entrepreneur. He obtained degrees in chemistry from CCNY and Harvard University and taught at both Harvard and the Associated College of Upper New York. He transformed his research on colloid chemistry and combustion thermodynamics into Apollo Technologies International Corp., a leader in the specialized field of boiler efficiency. Condolences are extended to his children, Dr. Marrick Lee (and Phyllis) Kukin, Lori Sue (and Jeffrey) Moskowitz, and Jonathan Liener (and Leora) Kukin and all of their grandchildren. May they be comforted among all who mourn for Zion and Jerusalem. Yeshiva University Richard M. Joel, President Norman Lamm, President Emeritus

Source: IRA KUKIN Obituary – Livingston, NJ | New York Times

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Recent leisure reading

Windup Girl

Tana French

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Scrabble in Nigeria

HT: Bill Sundstrom

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Apparently U.S. does not want to release H-1B gender breakdown

Computerworld filed a FOIA request for H-1B gender data last year and was told that providing such information would be “unreasonably burdensome.” “In order to determine the gender of H-1B applicants, USCIS staff would have to manually search each applicant’s immigration file, an unreasonably burdensome and costly requirement because it would require agency personnel to request, ship and manually review thousands of immigration files,” wrote Alan D. Hughes, associate counsel at the Commercial and Administration Law Division of the Department of Homeland Security Citizenship and Immigration Services in denying Computerworld’s appeal to receive gender data.

Source: Obama Administration refuses to reveal H-1B sex breakdown – The Unz Review

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How much was spent on public services for the homeless in Santa Clara County in 2015? $520 million a year

But now, for the first time, a staggering fiscal cost has been calculated: $520 million annually. A new study, described as the most comprehensive look ever at the expense of homelessness on a community, has determined that more than $3 billion was spent over a six-year period in the county on services such as trips to the emergency rooms, jail stays and mental health care. “Home Not Found: The Cost of Homelessness in Silicon Valley” also identified how a small group of about 2,800 persistently homeless alone cost the county about $83,000 each, per year. “What this shows is that having people live out in the open is tragic for the individual, destabilizing for the community and, at the end of the day, very expensive for the public,” said Dan Flaming, president of Los Angeles-based Economic Roundtable, which produced the report for Santa Clara County and the nonprofit Destination: Home…. The study… tracked more than 104,000 homeless in the county from 2007 to 2012, mining data from sources that included hospital and criminal-justice records…. The county has 7,567 homeless — the nation’s seventh-highest total — according to the most recent published survey, the 2014 Annual Homeless Report to Congress.

Source: Homeless in Santa Clara County: Report puts cost at $520 million a year – The Mercury News

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Sending books to Burkina Faso

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