Blattman and cash transfers and libraries and reading

Chris Blattman defends and promotes cash transfers.  It’s a good, compelling oped piece. But I worry that as the juggernaut of “just give cash” gains steam, people will give less to support public goods. As you know, dear reader, I have devoted a big chunk of last ten years to helping establish a network of thirteen rural community libraries in Burkina Faso and three in Ghana, and my colleague Kate Parry has been promoting the dozens of community libraries in Uganda.

Maybe the cash transfer movement will not undermine the little current support for public libraries and reading.  There are lots of randomized experiments being done on charitable giving, and how framing and information influence people’s giving patterns, so it is certainly possible that a healthy cash giving sector crowds-in more public goods funding.

But I worry that promoting reading is viewed as passé, especially for rural African villagers. I worry that people will say this is just not a priority. And when Blattman writes that large-size cash transfers raise incomes by substantial amounts four years later, I worry that maybe he is right: maybe public community libraries are not a priority, any more than distributing hair ribbons and barrettes are a priority.

But another voice inside of me says, “My activism is not directed at raising the incomes of people in rural Africa, so no need to be concerned.” Why is that not the object of my activism? Because, well, we already know how to raise the incomes of the poor in rural Africa. The secret of rising incomes is not well-hidden. Adam Smith published it in 1776: “Peace, easy taxes, and respect for property and contract.” Pretty much a guarantee for income growth. Sure, cash transfers hasten that growth, once peace, easy taxes and respect for contracts is well-established.

But maybe I care more about the quality and character of that growth…. is it going to be one where homosexuals are judged with a life-in-prison penalty (current law in the Uganda of peace, easy taxes and respect for contract) or one where 58% of the population, including Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia, believe that something called “the devil” is among us humans (current state of United States of peace, easy taxes and respect for contract)?

Humans need a lot more reading to realize our aspirations and potential, in rural Africa and across our own beautiful country.

A taste of Blattman’s oped in NY Times:

Globally, cash is a major tool to fight extreme poverty. The United Nations is handing out ATM cards to Syrian refugees alongside sacks of grain. The evidence suggests these cash programs work. There have been randomized trials of cash grants to poor Mexican families, Kenyan villagers, Malawian schoolgirls and many others. The results show that sometimes people just eat better or live in better homes. Often, though, they start businesses and earn more. In Uganda, my colleagues and I worked with a nonprofit that offered $150 and five days of business planning to 900 of the poorest women in the world. After 18 months, the women had twice the incomes of a random control group. I also worked with the Ugandan government to study what happened when it gave groups of 20 poor people $8,000 in return for a business proposal. My colleagues and I followed hundreds of groups that did and did not get grants. Those who did mostly invested in trades like carpentry. Four years later, their earnings were about 40 percent higher than those of a random control group. The poor do not waste grants. Recently, two World Bank economists looked at 19 cash transfer studies in Latin America, Africa and Asia. Almost all showed alcohol and tobacco spending fell or stayed the same. Only two showed any significant increase, and even there the evidence was mixed. You might worry handouts encourage idleness. But in most experiments, people worked more after they received grants.

Also, cannot resist. I’m in favor of more idleness… spent reading and talking about good fiction!

Addition: Let me summarize: Library and reading advocates are of course in favor of environmentally sustainable income growth, but they (we!?) are also in favor of open, tolerant societies full of inquisitive learners… and so far we have no randomized control trials (RCTs) that tell us that income growth alone is enough to foster that sort of society.

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Powerful video on children working in gold mines, and the alternatives (for just a few dollars)

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Cochrane reviews (grumpily) Summers on stagnation

A good summary of current macroeconomic issues.  I suppose for every item on Cochrane’s list of “regulations to remove because they slow growth for no good reason” there is a list of “government projects to undertake that will improve productivity in 10 years.”  Surely there must be room for horse-trading in those lists, somewhere in the middle?  I am reminded of Janet Currie and co-author’s findings that removing toll plazas and replacing them with EZpass reduced carbon monoxide and particulate matter in the vicinity of the toll plazas, generating significant improvements in likely health and productivity of newborn infants in the vicinity, most of whom are poor.

Here is Cochrane:

Here, of course, Summers thinks multipliers — even multipliers for tax financed notice the Ricardian comment and wasted that’s in the models, the usefulness of the infrastructure has nothing to do with the multiplier is in the range of 4 to 5.To me, this is just magical thinking — that the key to long run prosperity is government spending, even if wasted.But these are old arguments, and I did not write to rehash old controversies. From my point of view, the speech is an eloquent statement of the problem, and the gulf between Summers and people who think like I do is much narrower than the gulf between macroeconomists and the policy establishment which is not even thinking about slow growth anymore. From my point of view, the focus on and evident emptiness of the “demand” solution — its reliance on magic — just emphasizes where the real hard problems are.

via The Grumpy Economist: Summers on Stagnation.

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Terrible GDP performance in first quarter

The beginning of the year was not just bad for the United States economy: It was, on paper at least, the worst quarter since the last recession ended five years ago.The Commerce Department revised its estimates of first-quarter gross domestic product Wednesday to show that the economy contracted at a 2.9 percent annual rate. A combination of shrinking business inventories, terrible winter weather and a surprise contraction in health care spending drove the first-quarter decline, which is the worst since the first quarter of 2009, when the economy shrank at a 5.4 percent rate.

via Economy in First Quarter Was Worse Than Everybody Thought – NYTimes.com.

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Wussy: Attica!

Tomorrow night at the Blank Club in San Jose… I have to teach until 9:30pm… hope I don’t miss their set .. waah 😦

I liked this review (via Wussy: Attica! | Album Reviews | Pitchfork) of their new album, especially the Smother’s Brothers reference, which you can see on Youtube.  Of course knowing that the band members were toddlers (or not even born in Lisa Walker’s case!?) when The Who did the show adds a distinct post-modern irony

Walker pays homage to the Who in first track “Teenage Wasteland”, a pop song that rivals its namesake. She references “Baba O’Riley” and the band’s legendarily explosive Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour performance “When the kick of the drum went off like artillery fire”, but it’s less about classic-rock head nods and double entendres and more about capturing what it’s like to be a kid and finding a band you connect with on the deepest level imaginable. “Do you remember the moment you finally did something about it? When the kick of the drum lined up with the beat of your heart?” Walker asks at the top of the song. Then, at the end of the song—sounding as if she can’t contain the exhilaration—she describes the feeling in more detail: “For one short breath it sounds like the world is ending, exploding in space and beginning again so far away.” It’s the moment that turns suffering into transcendence because someone else feels the way you do, and that person felt compelled to translate it into music. I’d argue that’s what we’re looking for most of the time when we listen to music—that band or album or song or even a few notes that make us marvel and proclaim, like Walker does, “Your misery sounds so much like ours.” At Wussy’s best—and Attica! is pretty close to that—they’re capable of doing for us what Pete and Roger and Keith and John did for them.

 

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Hint of a bad rainy season for cattle in the northern Sahel from a Burkinabè verterinarian

This is consistent with the FEWS network projection for coming months.  That said, still early in rainy season and it could turn out fine.  Moreover, clear that the most affected people are in regions where political insecurity is serious.  The political conflicts are exacerbated by environmental challenges, not the other way around.

Comme vous avez pu le constater sur le terrain, les pluies viennent en retard, les animaux sont beaucoup affaiblis. Aujourd’hui, je peux vous affirmer que 10% du cheptel est déjà par terre, il faut les aider avec des sous-produits agro-industriels et les aider même à se soulever parce que certains sont déjà couchés et c’est la période de mise bas. C’est vraiment de grosses difficultés, surtout pour les gros ruminants.

via Dr Ben Idrissa Ousséni, vétérinaire à l’Oudalan : « Environ 10% du cheptel déjà à terre ».

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“The Quiet American” by Graham Greene as lesson for Iraq

It’s rather obvious, the lesson.  A so-so novel.  But too many Americans (how about we start with Dick Cheney) have not been able to absorb the one lesson of modesty and humility woven through the fabric of the novel.  Unbeknownst to Greene, and an infinite jest at that, the novel stands the test of time after 60 years in terms of its idea, if not in terms of its writing.

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Surreal Wednesday: “Holy Motor” by Leon Carax and Louise Erdrich’s “The Big Cat”

Skimmed through Holy Motor by Leon Carax (you can stream on Netflix).  Intelligent, beautifully acted.  When I was 25 I would have been very impressed.  Watching it at home, on a computer screen (Carax shudders), stopping to make Elliot two hot dogs… well, not the same impact.  And surrealism… once you see Bunuel, Cocteau and all the others… well it starts coming across as awfully pretentious…. Still a really interesting movie.

Later in evening I finally read in The New Yorker, of past March, Louise Erdrich’s “The Big Cat.”  I don’t feel bad about being baffled and bewildered because for the first time ever when I turned to Mookse there was… nothing.  Evidently the story stumped them too.  Sure, a lot of emotional depth is packed into a few pages.  But what is the story about?

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I love working at Santa Clara University

Have you published 25 books? Been an editor at Forbes ASAP? Demonstrated expertise in both microprocessing and water conservation? Better yet, is your name Michael S. Malone? Good news: You’re eligible to apply to a quarterly adjunct-lecturer position in Santa Clara University’s department of English.If you think this sounds a little off, you’re not alone. The academic Twittersphere was buzzing today after an oddly-specific job advertisement began making the rounds online. It has now been deleted from the university’s Web site, but it lives on at HigherEdJobs.com.The listing details an adjunct gig that involves teaching between one and four courses, “spread over one to three quarters,” at a rate of $6,000 per course. “The primary responsibility,” it goes on to say, “will be to teach nonfiction writing to undergraduates and to help arrange internships for students in a variety of media.”

via University Seeks Hire With Exact Same Credentials as Mike Malone | Vitae.

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Wussy – Teenage Wasteland … I am looking forward to seeing them next week in San Jose (Blank Club) and LA (Silverlake Lounge)

HT: Bill Sundstrom who first pointed me in their direction…

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Times have changed… Fred MacMurray stops for a drive-in beer in L.A. in Double Indemnity

fredmcmurray

The film is set in 1938 I think.  And of course this being the Internet, you can see the clip on Youtube.

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15 to 20 year olds reading across the world: Why? Where? How?

I will be presenting at this IFLA Satellite meeting in Paris in August 2014.  Please consider registering for the meeting/workshop/mini-conference!

sponsored by the IFLA Libraries for Children and Young Adults Section & School Libraries Section

More information to register is here.

Bibliothèque nationale de France (the National Library of France), Paris, France
23 August 2014 (9 AM 6 PM)

Young people between 15 and 20 years old around the world live in very different geographic, social, economic, every-day life conditions. Some attend secondary school or university, some work, some both study and work and some do not study nor work. Changing, fickle, they are at an age that is key for self-construction, and they often receive little support from adults.Cultural institutions in every country struggle to attract these teenagers and young adults. They are an important target for cultural workers trying to interest them in reading. How can we give or restore a place for reading in their lives? How can 15-20 year olds that do not read be led to reading? What roles can be played by physical and digital libraries, by schools and cultural institutions, by associations and work places? This conference intends to study these questions and to produce recommendations useful to practitioners.The expected audience is likely to include public and school librarians, teachers, cultural workers, students and scholars as well other professionals working with teenagers and young adults.

via IFLA 2014.

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Great hikes to Cloud’s Rest in Yosemite, and then Rancheria Falls in Hetch Hetchy

Went with some of my colleagues in the Economics Department.  They have been doing Half Dome, but this year did not get the lottery, so they chose Cloud’s Rest.  I was happy to be along, even if I sort of brought up the year (which helped when Alex’s GPS device fell out of his pocket and I came along 5 min later and found it on the trail… hmmm…. but what if it hadn’t been his!?)  Some pictures.  Trule spectacular ascent at the end on the arête.   Wow was I scared, heart pounding, inner voice saying, “don’t look around, just look down.”

IMG_1416 IMG_1395 IMG_1394IMG_0975

 

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Great story on the abortion issue at places like Santa Clara University and Loyola Marymount University

A spokesman for Anthem, asked to define “religious affiliation” and what constitutes a “variety” of contraceptive methods – or to provide a legal basis for offering amended plans without regard to the narrow exception under Catholic Charities for covering contraceptives – declined to comment.In May 2012 Kaiser Permanente submitted to the DMHC an amended family service plan that eliminated from coverage “voluntary termination of pregnancy.”Spokesman Won S. Ha said that Kaiser, responding to purchaser requests, sought coverage language that excluded “elective” abortion. In an emailed statement, Ha said the DMHC “did not object, and in September 2012 we began reflecting this change in our coverage benefits documents for purchasers regardless of religious affiliation.”Since that license was approved, Ha says, Kaiser has referred to the 2012 plan “in other Evidence of Coverage filings.”In a prepared statement, Loyola told this magazine, “We purchased fully insured, approved plans from Anthem Blue Cross and Kaiser Permanente that excluded elective abortions. The issue is really between the insurance companies and the California Department of Managed Care.” Loyola spokeswoman Celeste Durant said that the university “declined to participate” in this story.Officials at DMHC initially declined to comment on approval of the Anthem or Kaiser plans. But the agency later replied in an email, “The Department of Managed Health Care is reviewing coverage issues pertaining to abortion services.”None of the documents the DMHC provided includes the agency’s replies to Anthem’s filings, or refers to its own policies. In response to questions for this article, an agency spokesman stated: “In general, the Knox-Keene Act requires health plans under the DMHC’s jurisdiction to cover all medically necessary basic health care services, including pregnancy-related services.”Who at the DMHC issued the licenses to Anthem and Kaiser – and on what legal basis – remains a mystery. But lawyers who have had adversarial dealings with DMHC say the agency’s decision-making in the past has seemed more protective of insurers than consumers.

via Uncovered.

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Slender Man is a 100 year old revival of The Yama Yama Man

Horrible to contemplate the actions of the girls in Wisconsin, but popular culture has always had a kidnapping bogeyman.

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Wowie Zowie

On the NPR puzzle show with Will Shortz this morning, the last question (usually the hardest) had as answer “wowie zowie” upon which the NPR host (forget her name) asked, rhetorically, when was the last time anyone heard the expression wowie zowie to which I joyously, shouted out, to no one in particular: “Last night!”  Because my colleague Alex Field had his ipod playing in his car as we were driving back from Yosemite after a couple long hikes, and one of the albums played was The Mothers of Invention (i.e. Frank Zappa) and Wowie Zowie was the one song I thought was pretty decent.  (Shockingly, dear reader, I had never actually heard what I am sure some sub-cult of true believers calls MOI before.)  So, here’s to obscure forgotten phrases. [Correction: I was just listening, not actually on the show, which would have been fun!]

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Attention FAVL friends and RWA students…

Salimata’s daughter Leigh has now won the official FAVL “cutest baby ever” contest…

?????????? ??????????

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The Big Meal by Dan LeFranc at San Jose Repertory Theatre

Saw this last night with Naglee Park neighborhood friends. Definitely the best play of the season.  At first you wonder whether the banal dialogue is going to keep you interested, and then gradually, smoothly, you realize that the dialogue is actually like the set, and the real play is the amazing artifice of watching four generations unfold with just a handful of actors playing all the parts.  Quite stunning.

In a quintessential American restaurant, two people meet, fall in love and begin the messy process of creating a life. From birth to that inevitable last course – and every corn dog, calamari and Cadillac Margarita in between – a potluck of characters’ lives fly by like short order fare as five generations experience joy, heartache, love and loss….  LeFranc is the 2010 New York Times Outstanding Playwright Award Winner.

via San Jose Repertory Theatre.

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Big opposition rally by Zéphirin Diabré

He managed to get the other main opposition group, the MPP, to participate, apparently. That is huge.  If the two groups can work together on a common platform, and not divide the opposition vote, and not get co-opted into alliance of convenience with Blaise, then there might indeed be peaceful alternance… Burkina does not, unfortunately, have a good history with opposition alliances.   Here also is a good sign of U.S. soft power at work.  As a major partner in Burkina Faso, being fairly clear that leaders should give up power, and at the same time being clear that the U.S. is a friend of the country and will continue that relationship, offers a nice level playing field, and lets opposition be bolder than it might be (they know a credible referee (not like those FIFA referees) is watching closely).

Déjà, Zéphirin Diabré dit vouloir « rassurer tous les pays frères, les partenaires et les amis du Burkina, que contrairement à une propagande savamment distillée ici et là, un changement démocratique au Burkina Faso n’entrainera ni chaos, ni recul, ni instabilité et encore moins une guerre civile ». « Notre peuple est mature, et ses leaders politiques ont le sens de la patrie », a ajouté Zéphirin Diabré, félicitant « chaleureusement » au passage, « le Secrétaire d’Etat américain John Kerry, et à travers lui le Président Barack Obama, pour leur position très ferme sur le respect de la limitation des mandats présidentiels ».

Downside risk appears to be shifting towards Blaise as opposition gains momentum… the murder Salifou Nébié is fueling conspiracy theory rumors that revive memories of Norbert Zongo’s brutal killing in 1998.  If a peaceful demonstration is disrupted by gendarmes and people get killed, Blaise will see months of urban protests on his watch… he’ll have to compromise, and at this point he only has peaceful alternance to offer.

via « Notre détermination est totale », dixit Zéphirin Diabré – leFaso.net, l’actualité au Burkina Faso.

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Mysterious death of Salifou NEBIE May 24 in Burkina Faso

Apparently very little information circulating about who might have murdered him… so lots of “read between the lines” type communications in the press.

Les premières constatations de l’enquête révèlent que la victime porte une blessure béante à la nuque et une autre aussi sur l’avant-bras droit et au flanc gauche. Il a aussi été découvert à quelques mètres de son cadavre son bracelet en argent blanc et sa paire de lunette dont une des lentilles est sortie de son cadre. De même, l’une des montures de ses lunettes était tordue. Les yeux ont visiblement été crevés parce que du sang en coulait. Tous ces éléments achèvent de convaincre que la victime a été volontairement tuée par des inconnus avant d’être abandonnée sur la bretelle de Saponé.

via Mort du juge Salifou NEBIE : Les magistrats s’inquiètent de l’inertie de la Justice – leFaso.net, l’actualité au Burkina Faso.

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